Silicone Rubber (Si Rubber)

The most commonly used synthetic rubber or polymer that is used in the industry is silicone rubber, also known as the Si Rubber. If we want to explain the structure of this type of rubber, in the simplest possible way, it should be said that the structure of these rubbers is almost the same bond to sand, quartz or glass. The silicon rubber material can be called silicone, which is itself a type of polymer, hydrogen, carbon, and oxygen. In fact, silicone rubber is an excellent synthetic elastomer that is made of a cross-linked polymer and is reinforced with a material called silica to provide a much better resistance and structure.

 Synthetic silicone rubber has a structural feature that easily provides a perfect balance of physical and chemical properties, and has therefore been able to overwhelm the industrial concern for the use of synthetic rubber in a wide variety of applications in the rubber industry. And nowadays they often meet the needs of rubber molds.

Properties of Silicone Rubber

Silicone rubbers have fine electrical properties, good chemical stability, flame retardancy, and excellent resistance to heat and cold.

Features and properties of synthetic silicone rubber

The silicone rubber materials each have their own unique inorganic and organic characteristics, which make the silicon rubbers find multipurpose properties and have the advantages of this type of rubber that cannot be found Generally in a variety of other synthetic rubber.

silicon rubber can be characterized with features such as high electrical properties, high chemical stability, high flame resistance, and excellent heat and cold power.

• Silicone rubber is an excellent electrical insulation because it has excellent resistance to high temperature and chemical stability.
• Silicone rubber has a very good resistance to cold weather, because it has both high elasticity and good compressibility.
• One of the basic characteristics of silicon rubber is resistance to a wide range of temperature. The range of this temperature is such that it can withstand extremely high temperatures from minus 100 degrees F to a positive 500 degrees Fahrenheit. So you can use this rubber at an extremely hot temperature of 150 ° C without changing the structure and properties of silicone rubber. In general, synthetic silicon rubber has a structure that can easily be used up to 10,000 hours or more at a temperature of 100 ° C, and has a very good resistance. Some silicone rubbers are even designed to withstand a temperature of 350 ° C for a short time.
• Synthetic silicon rubber has a structure that helps to withstand extreme oil resistance at high temperatures. It can be said that some other types of synthetic rubber, such as nitrile rubber and chloroprene rubber, have the ability to withstand a good oil resistance OF lower than 100 ° C, just like silicon rubber, but with high temperature oil resistance, no Synthetic rubber There is no silicone rubber.
• This type of rubber has excellent resistance to weather conditions. Even ozone cannot weaken synthetic silicon rubber by corona discharge. In this way, the best choice of rubber in weather conditions like wind and rain, and the UV rays is the silicone rubber, because they not only have high resistance, but can be extended for a long time without any changes in its properties and structure.

• Silicone rubber has a much better tensile strength, tear strength, elongation strength and compression than other conventional rubbers. According to experiments, the strength of silicone rubber is torn off usually around 9.8 kN/m. Even in some silicon rubber models that have a stronger structure, the electrical resistance of these rubbers between 29.4 kN/m and 49.0 kN/m. It is estimated that this is due to the modify of the polymer used in the manufacture of rubber or the accurate and proper judicious of the filler Polymer and cross linkers.

• Compared to other synthetic rubbers, the thermal conductivity of synthetic rubber silicon is much higher. Therefore, silicon rubber can be used to produce heat sheets and hot rollers that require high thermal conductivity.
• Silicone rubber has a very high resistance to moisture and steam. Therefore, these rubbers can be used in cold water, boiling water or hot for a long time. This type of rubber in the water absorbs only 1%. Most importantly, hypoxic mechanical effects and electronic properties cannot affect silicone rubber under these conditions. Silicone rubber does not change when exposed to ordinary pressure water steam, but if it is exposed to high-pressure steam at temperatures above 150 ° C, the silicon polymer is degraded and the rubber’s properties reduced.
• Synthetic silicon rubber is a detectable metal property.
• These rubbers glow in the dark.
• Silicone rubber also has electronic conductive properties
• Silicone rubber has a very good resistance to oil at high temperatures and against chemicals, acids and gas

• These types of rubbers are not only resistant to flame, but also very little smoke is released.

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Types of Silicone Rubber Applications

Silicone rubber has many applications in various industries, the most important of which can be summarized as follows:

• Silicone rubber are the best option for extruded into tubes, strips, solid wires or other custom profiles.
• for many custom designs and shapes Silicone Rubber can also be molded.
• Silicon rubber is usually used to make molds, that is poured, brushed or sprayed onto objects or model
• These rubbers can be used to cast metals with a low melting point, such as lead, tin, and pewter
• Silicone rubber may be the best option for the casting of resin production.

What are the benefits of using synthetic rubber silicone?

As explained, silicone rubber has a lot of advantages due to its high structural, mechanical, and thermal properties in these types of rubber, some of which are listed below:

• These rubbers are very stable at temperature conditions from the highest temperature to the lowest temperature.
• These rubbers have inertness properties that do not have any taste or smell
• Silicone rubber is Translucent and takes the color well.
• The hardness of this type of rubber has a wide range
• These rubbers are extremely resistant to chemicals
• Under different weather conditions, they have excellent stability
• These rubbers can be well utilized in sealing operations
• The electrical properties of this type of rubber do not have any other synthetic rubber
• Adjusting the compressive strength in these rubbers is very good.

What are the major disadvantages of silicone rubber?

Although the advantages of synthetic rubber silicon are very high and have great properties, it can be some of the disadvantages of this type of rubber, which is referred to below:

• The cost of silicon rubbers is very high and often expensive
• Silicone rubber is susceptible to certain materials, such as sulfur clay, which can prevent the curing properties of silicone rubber that are recognized as a cure inhibition.
• These types of rubbers have high viscosity and are thick
• In order to minimize the internal bubbles of these rubbers, silicon rubber should be vacuum degassed before pouring.

Forms of Silicone Rubber

In general silicone rubber can be found in the following forms:

• Compounds:

This type of silicone rubber has ready-to-use materials that are well-designed for the use of the processing equipment and the ultimate application after pigmented and catalyzed.

• Bases:

 This type of silicone rubber has reinforcement fillers that can be combined with additives and pigments, and provide color combinations and other production needs.

• Liquid silicone rubber (LSR):

This type of silicone rubber is available in liquid form and is ready for use in injection molding machines, so that it can easily be used to provide all kinds of rubber parts.

• Fluorosilicone rubber compounds and bases:

This type of silicone rubber not only has all the properties of silicon but also other important features that greatly increase the resistance of these rubbers to chemical, fuel and oil types.